Fact sheet for HELCOM MPA 154 - Uusikaarlepyy Archipelago

Uusikaarlepyy archipelago represents mostly middle and outer rocky islands. Shores are bedrock or rocky, but there are a few large beaches and dune areas. Dune succession is unique and of interest to scientists. Beaches draw recreational visitors during summer, and coastal meadows are important bird areas for various endangered species. Rocky islands have many small puddles, and there are also small ponds with emergent freshwater vegetation. Some of the islands have trees and primary successional forests, while some islands are treeless. Sea in the Natura 2000 area is mostly quite shallow but exposed to winds. Uusikaarlepyy has rocky reefs but also lagoons and small ponds with vascular plants and Charales. The area consists of three separate areas where the deepest areas are more than 10 m deep, but most of the water area is less than 7 m deep.

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General information of MPA Uusikaarlepyy Archipelago, Finland

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Species in MPA Uusikaarlepyy Archipelago, Finland (hide / show)

Scientific nameAscending	English name	Species group	Species status	Does the species justify the site's designation as an MPA?	Performed monitoring	Authorities responsible for monitoring	HELCOM Red List category	Link to Species Information Sheet (SIS)	Link to WORMS
Actitis hypoleucos	Common sandpiper	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Alca torda	Razorbill	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Anas clypeata	Shoveler	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Anas platyrhynchos	Mallard	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Anas strepera	Gadwall	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Anguilla anguilla	European eel	Fish and lamprey species	migratory	No	no monitoring program	not reported	CR	SIS	WORMS
Anser anser	Greylag goose	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Anthus petrosus	Eurasian rock pipit	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Anthus pratensis	Meadow pipit	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Arenaria interpres	Ruddy turnstone	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Aythya fuligula	Tufted duck	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Aythya marila	Greater scaup	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Branta leucopsis	Barnacle goose	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Bucephala clangula	Goldeneye	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Calidris alpina alpina	Dunlin	Birds	migratory	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Calidris alpina schinzii	Southern dunlin	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	EN	SIS	WORMS
Calidris temminckii	Temminck's stint	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Cepphus grylle grylle	Black guillemot	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Chara sp.	-	Macrophytes	not reported	No	not reported	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Charadrius hiaticula hiaticula	Ringed plover	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Clangula hyemalis	Long-tailed duck	Birds	migratory	No	no monitoring program	not reported	EN	SIS	WORMS
Coregonus albula	Vendace	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC	SIS	WORMS
Coregonus maraena	Maraene	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	EN	SIS	WORMS
Cottus gobio	Bullhead	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC	SIS	WORMS
Crassula aquatica	-	Macrophytes	not reported	No	not reported	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Cygnus olor	Mute swan	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Gadus morhua	Cod	Fish and lamprey species	occasional	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Gavia arctica	Black-throated diver	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	CR	SIS	WORMS
Gavia stellata	Red-throated diver	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	CR	SIS	WORMS
Haematopus ostralegus	Eurasian oystercatcher	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Halichoerus grypus	Grey seal	Mammals	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC	SIS	WORMS
Hydroprogne caspia	Caspian tern	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Lampetra fluviatilis	River lamprey	Fish and lamprey species	migratory	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Larus argentatus	Herring gull	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Larus canus	Mew gull	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Larus fuscus fuscus	Lesser black-backed gull	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Larus marinus	Greater black-backed gull	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Lota lota	Burbot	Fish and lamprey species	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Lutra lutra	Eurasian otter	Mammals	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Melanitta fusca	Velvet scoter	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Melanitta nigra	Common scoter	Birds	migratory	No	no monitoring program	not reported	EN	SIS	WORMS
Mergus merganser	Common merganser	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Mergus serrator	Red-breasted merganser	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Motacilla alba	White wagtail	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Oenanthe oenanthe	Northern wheatear	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Parvicardium hauniense	Copenhagen cockle	Invertebrates	not reported	No	not reported	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis	Long-tailed cormorant	Birds	not reported	No	occasional monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Philomachus pugnax	Ruff	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Phoca hispida botnica	Baltic ringed seal	Mammals	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Phocoena phocoena (Baltic Sea subpop)	Harbour porpoise	Mammals	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	CR	SIS	WORMS
Podiceps auritus	Horned grebe	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Podiceps cristatus	Great-crested grebe	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Podiceps grisegena	Red-necked grebe	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	EN	SIS	WORMS
Riparia riparia	Sand martin	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Salmo salar	Atlantic salmon	Fish and lamprey species	migratory	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Salmo trutta	Brown trout	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Scophthalmus maximus	Turbot	Fish and lamprey species	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Somateria mollissima	Common eider	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Stercorarius parasiticus	Parasitic jaeger	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Sterna hirundo	Common tern	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Sterna paradisaea	Arctic tern	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Tadorna tadorna	Common shelduck	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC	SIS	WORMS
Thymallus thymallus	Grayling	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	CR	SIS	WORMS
Tringa totanus	Common redshank	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Vanellus vanellus	Northern lapwing	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Zoarces viviparus	Eelpout	Fish and lamprey species	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS

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Biotopes in MPA Uusikaarlepyy Archipelago, Finland

Biotope code	Biotope name (HUB or HELCOM 1998)	Does the biotope justify the site's designation as an MPA?	Performed monitoring	Authorities responsible for monitoring	HELCOM Red List category	Link to Biotope Information Sheet (BIS)
AA.A1C	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by perennial algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.A1D	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by aquatic moss	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A1E	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by epibenthic bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.A1H	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by epibenthic moss animals (Bryozoa)	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.A1J	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by epibenthic sponges (Porifera)	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A1R	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by soft crustose algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A1S	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by annual algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A1V	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A2T	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A2W	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by microphytobenthic organisms and grazing snails	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A4U	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.B1V	Baltic photic hard clay characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.B2T	Baltic photic hard clay characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.B4U	Baltic photic hard clay characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.F	Baltic photic ferromanganese concretion bottom	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.H1A	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by emergent vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H1B	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by submerged rooted plants	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H1K	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by epibenthic polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H1S	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by annual algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H1V	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H3L	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H3M	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H3N	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal crustaceans	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H3P	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal insect larvae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H4U	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I1A	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by emergent vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I1B	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by submerged rooted plants	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I1C	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by perennial algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I1S	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by annual algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I1V	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I2T	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I2W	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by microphytobenthic organisms and grazing snails	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.I3L	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I3M	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I3P	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal insect larvae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I4U	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.J1A	Baltic photic sand characterized by emergent vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.J1B	Baltic photic sand characterized by submerged rooted plants	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.J1E	Baltic photic sand characterized by epibenthic bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.J1V	Baltic photic sand characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.J3L	Baltic photic sand characterized by infaunal bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.J3M	Baltic photic sand characterized by infaunal polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.J4U	Baltic photic sand characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.K	Baltic photic hard anthropogenically created substrates	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.L	Baltic photic soft anthropogenically created substrates	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1A	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by emergent vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1B	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by submerged rooted plants	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1C	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by perennial algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1D	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by aquatic moss	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.M1E	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by epibenthic bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1H	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by epibenthic moss animals (Bryozoa)	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1I	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by epibenthic crustacea	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1J	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by epibenthic sponges (Porifera)	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.M1R	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by soft crustose algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.M1S	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by annual algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1V	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M2T	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.M2W	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by microphytobenthic organisms and grazing snails	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.M4U	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AB.A1J	Baltic aphotic rock and boulders characterized by epibenthic sponges (Porifera)	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	BIS
AB.A1V	Baltic aphotic rock and boulder characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.A2T	Baltic aphotic rock and boulders characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AB.A4U	Baltic aphotic rock and boulders characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AB.F	Baltic aphotic ferromanganese concretion bottom	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AB.H1K	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by epibenthic polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H1V	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H2T	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H3L	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H3M	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H3N	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal crustaceans	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H3P	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal insect larvae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H4U	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.I1V	Baltic aphotic coarse sediment characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.I3L	Baltic aphotic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.I3M	Baltic aphotic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.I3N	Baltic aphotic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal crustaceans	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.I4U	Baltic aphotic coarse sediment chracterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.K	Baltic aphotic hard anthropogenically created substrates	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.M1V	Baltic aphotic mixed substrate characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.M2T	Baltic aphotic mixed substrate characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AB.M4U	Baltic aphotic mixed substrate characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AC	Baltic Sea seasonal Ice	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	BIS
AD.N5	Baltic Sea Photic Pelagic above halocline oxic	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AE.N5	Baltic Sea Aphotic Pelagic above halocline oxic	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AE.O5	Baltic Sea Aphotic Pelagic below halocline oxic	No	no monitoring program	not reported	EN	BIS
3.1	Spits/bars	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.2.1	Sandy beaches	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.2.2	Gravel and shingle beaches	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.2.3	Boulder beaches	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.3.1.1	Sandy beach ridges with no or low vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.3.2.1	Beach ridges consisting of gravel, pebbles and/or boulders with no or low vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.3.3	Beach ridges consisting of algal or other plant material	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.5.3.1	Gently sloping crystalline bedrock shores with no vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.5.3.2	Gently sloping crystalline bedrock shores with low vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.7.1.1	Natural reed, rush and sedge stands	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.7.2.1	Salt pioneer swards	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.7.2.2	Lower meadows	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.7.4	Coastal bogs	No	no monitoring program	not reported
4.2.1.1	Permanent eutrophic brackish pools (incl. rock pools etc.)	No	no monitoring program	not reported
4.2.1.2	Permanent mesotrophic brackish pools (incl. rock pools etc.)	No	no monitoring program	not reported
4.3.1	Temporary brackish pools (rock pools etc.)	No	no monitoring program	not reported
4.3.2	Temporary freshwater pools (rock pools etc.)	No	no monitoring program	not reported

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Biotope complexes in MPA Uusikaarlepyy Archipelago, Finland.

Code (HD Annex 1)	Biotope complex name	Does the biotope complex justify the site's designation as an MPA?	Performed monitoring	Authorities responsible monitoring	HELCOM Red List category	Link to Biotope Complex Information Sheet (BIS)
4030	European dry heaths	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
7140	Transition mires and quaking bogs	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
7230	Alkaline fens	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
8220	Siliceous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
9030	Natural forests of primary succession stages of landupheaval coast	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
91D0	Bog woodland	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
9060	Coniferous forests on, or connected to, glaciofluvial eskers	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
1110	Sandbanks which are slightly covered by sea water all the time	Yes	not reported	not reported	VU	BIS
1150	Coastal lagoons	No	not reported	not reported	EN	BIS
1170	Reefs	Yes	not reported	not reported	VU	BIS
1220	Perennial vegetation of stony banks	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
1230	Vegetated sea cliffs of the Atlantic and Baltic Coasts	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
1610	Baltic esker islands with sandy, rocky and shingle beach vegetation and sublittoral vegetation	No	not reported	not reported	NT	BIS
1620	Boreal Baltic islets and small islands	No	not reported	not reported	NT	BIS
1630	Boreal Baltic coastal meadows	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
1640	Boreal Baltic sandy beaches with perennial vegetation	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
2110	Embryonic shifting dunes	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
2120	Shifting dunes along the shoreline with Ammophila arenaria ("white dunes")	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
2130	Fixed coastal dunes with herbaceous vegetation ("grey dunes")	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
2140	Decalcified fixed dunes with Empetrum nigrum	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
2180	Wooded dunes of the Atlantic, Continental and Boreal region	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
3150	Natural eutrophic lakes with Magnopotamion or Hydrocharition – type vegetation	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
3160	Natural dystrophic lakes and ponds	No	not reported	not reported	-	-

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Management and regulated activities of MPA Uusikaarlepyy Archipelago, Finland

Link	Id	Management plan name	Management plan status	Implementation date of first management plan	Implementation date of current management plan	Regulated activities	Intended revision date of current management plan	Body(ies) responsible for management	Implemented monitoring programs	Contact details	Coverage of management plan
	678	No Plan	No plan			activities			not reported		Marine

Pressures in MPA

Pressure (list according to MSFD Annex III revision document, May 2015)	Inside or outside the MPA	Intensity (low, medium, high)	Past, current or potential future pressure
Change of seabed substrate or morphology (~ physical loss)	outside	low	past,current,potential future
Disturbance or damage to seabed	inside	medium	past,current,potential future
Disturbance or damage to seabed	outside	medium	past,current,potential future
Extraction of seabed or subsoil (e.g. sand, gravel, rock, oil, gas)	inside	low	past,current,potential future
Input of water	inside	low	current,potential future
Changes to hydrological conditions	outside	low	past,current,potential future
Input of sound	inside	high	past,current,potential future
Input of sound	outside	high	past,current,potential future
Input of electromagnetic and seismic waves	inside	medium	current,potential future
Input of electromagnetic and seismic waves	outside	medium	current,potential future
Change in water temperature	inside	low	current,potential future
Input of light	outside	medium	current,potential future
Input of nutrients and organic matter	inside	medium	past,current,potential future
Input of nutrients and organic matter	outside	medium	past,current,potential future
Input of contaminants (synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) - diffuse sources, point sources, acute events	outside	medium	past,current,potential future
Input of CO2 [and other greenhouse gases]	outside	medium	past,current,potential future
Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-size litter)	inside	medium	past,current,potential future
Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-size litter)	outside	medium	past,current,potential future
Extraction or, mortality/injury to, species (targeted, non-targeted)	inside	high	past,current,potential future
Extraction or, mortality/injury to, species (targeted, non-targeted)	outside	high	past,current,potential future
Disturbance of species	inside	low	current,potential future
Disturbance of species	outside	low	current,potential future
Introduction or spread of non-indigenous species	outside	medium	past,current,potential future

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