Fact sheet for HELCOM MPA 153 - Luoto Archipelago

Luoto archipelago is a transitional zone between large and marine Kvarken archipelago and coastal and almost freshwater Bothnian Bay. MPA consist of mostly outer islands, lagoons and glo-lakes with only a little bit of continental coast. Area is an important breeding area for many birds; however, a lively recreational use of holiday makers, summer cottages and boaters is a threat to both the birds and to natural succession of the land upheaval habitats due to dredging. Luoto archipelago is an important scientific study area of the land upheaval phenomenon. The area includes all land upheaval successional stages of terrestrial habitats from bare rocky or sandy shores to coastal meadows and to primary successional forests. Moraine layer is relatively thin, drumlins can be found. Fast land upheaval is forming new islets in the outer archipelago and closing old lagoons, thus restraining glo-lakes from the sea in the inner archipelago.

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General information of MPA Luoto Archipelago, Finland

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Species in MPA Luoto Archipelago, Finland (hide / show)

Scientific nameAscending	English name	Species group	Species status	Does the species justify the site's designation as an MPA?	Performed monitoring	Authorities responsible for monitoring	HELCOM Red List category	Link to Species Information Sheet (SIS)	Link to WORMS
Alca torda	Razorbill	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Anas clypeata	Shoveler	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Anas platyrhynchos	Mallard	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Anas strepera	Gadwall	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Anthus petrosus	Eurasian rock pipit	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Arenaria interpres	Ruddy turnstone	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Aythya fuligula	Tufted duck	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Aythya marila	Greater scaup	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Branta leucopsis	Barnacle goose	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Bucephala clangula	Goldeneye	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Calidris temminckii	Temminck's stint	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Cepphus grylle grylle	Black guillemot	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Charadrius hiaticula hiaticula	Ringed plover	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Coregonus albula	Vendace	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC	SIS	WORMS
Coregonus maraena	Maraene	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	EN	SIS	WORMS
Cottus gobio	Bullhead	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC	SIS	WORMS
Cygnus olor	Mute swan	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Gavia arctica	Black-throated diver	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	CR	SIS	WORMS
Gavia stellata	Red-throated diver	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	CR	SIS	WORMS
Haematopus ostralegus	Eurasian oystercatcher	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Haliaeetus albicilla	White-tailed sea-eagle	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Hydroprogne caspia	Caspian tern	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Larus argentatus	Herring gull	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Larus canus	Mew gull	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Larus fuscus fuscus	Lesser black-backed gull	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Larus marinus	Greater black-backed gull	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Lota lota	Burbot	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Melanitta fusca	Velvet scoter	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Mergus merganser	Common merganser	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Mergus serrator	Red-breasted merganser	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Pandion haliaetus	Osprey	Birds	not reported	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Philomachus pugnax	Ruff	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Podiceps auritus	Horned grebe	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Podiceps grisegena	Red-necked grebe	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	EN	SIS	WORMS
Polysticta stelleri	Steller's eider	Birds	occasional	No	no monitoring program	not reported	EN	SIS	WORMS
Salmo salar	Atlantic salmon	Fish and lamprey species	migratory	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Salmo trutta	Brown trout	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Somateria mollissima	Common eider	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	SIS	WORMS
Stercorarius parasiticus	Parasitic jaeger	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Sterna hirundo	Common tern	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Sterna paradisaea	Arctic tern	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	-	SIS	WORMS
Thymallus thymallus	Grayling	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	CR	SIS	WORMS
Tringa totanus	Common redshank	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Vanellus vanellus	Northern lapwing	Birds	breeding	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS
Zoarces viviparus	Eelpout	Fish and lamprey species	resident	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	SIS	WORMS

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Biotopes in MPA Luoto Archipelago, Finland

Biotope code	Biotope name (HUB or HELCOM 1998)	Does the biotope justify the site's designation as an MPA?	Performed monitoring	Authorities responsible for monitoring	HELCOM Red List category	Link to Biotope Information Sheet (BIS)
AA.A1C	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by perennial algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.A1D	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by aquatic moss	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A1E	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by epibenthic bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.A1H	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by epibenthic moss animals (Bryozoa)	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.A1J	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by epibenthic sponges (Porifera)	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A1R	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by soft crustose algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A1S	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by annual algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A1V	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A2T	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A2W	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by microphytobenthic organisms and grazing snails	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.A4U	Baltic photic rock and boulders characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.B1V	Baltic photic hard clay characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.B2T	Baltic photic hard clay characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.B4U	Baltic photic hard clay characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.F	Baltic photic ferromanganese concretion bottom	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.H1A	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by emergent vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H1B	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by submerged rooted plants	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H1K	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by epibenthic polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H1S	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by annual algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H1V	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H3L	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H3M	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H3N	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal crustaceans	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H3P	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal insect larvae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.H4U	Baltic photic muddy sediment characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I1A	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by emergent vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I1B	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by submerged rooted plants	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I1C	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by perennial algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I1S	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by annual algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I1V	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I2T	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I2W	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by microphytobenthic organisms and grazing snails	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.I3L	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I3M	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I3P	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal insect larvae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.I4U	Baltic photic coarse sediment characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.J1A	Baltic photic sand characterized by emergent vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.J1B	Baltic photic sand characterized by submerged rooted plants	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.J1V	Baltic photic sand characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.J3M	Baltic photic sand characterized by infaunal polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.J4U	Baltic photic sand characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.K	Baltic photic hard anthropogenically created substrates	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.L	Baltic photic soft anthropogenically created substrates	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1A	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by emergent vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1B	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by submerged rooted plants	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1C	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by perennial algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1D	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by aquatic moss	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.M1E	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by epibenthic bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1H	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by epibenthic moss animals (Bryozoa)	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1I	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by epibenthic crustacea	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1J	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by epibenthic sponges (Porifera)	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.M1R	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by soft crustose algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.M1S	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by annual algae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M1V	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AA.M2T	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.M2W	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by microphytobenthic organisms and grazing snails	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AA.M4U	Baltic photic mixed substrate characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AB.A1J	Baltic aphotic rock and boulders characterized by epibenthic sponges (Porifera)	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NT	BIS
AB.A1V	Baltic aphotic rock and boulder characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.A2T	Baltic aphotic rock and boulders characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AB.A4U	Baltic aphotic rock and boulders characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AB.B4U	Baltic aphotic hard clay characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.F	Baltic aphotic ferromanganese concretion bottom	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AB.H1K	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by epibenthic polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H1V	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H2T	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H3L	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H3M	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H3N	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal crustaceans	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H3P	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by infaunal insect larvae	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.H4U	Baltic aphotic muddy sediment characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.I1V	Baltic aphotic coarse sediment characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.I3L	Baltic aphotic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal bivalves	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.I3M	Baltic aphotic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal polychaetes	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.I3N	Baltic aphotic coarse sediment characterized by infaunal crustaceans	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.I4U	Baltic aphotic coarse sediment chracterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.K	Baltic aphotic hard anthropogenically created substrates	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.M1V	Baltic aphotic mixed substrate characterized by mixed epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AB.M2T	Baltic aphotic mixed substrate characterized by sparse epibenthic macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AB.M4U	Baltic aphotic mixed substrate characterized by no macrocommunity	No	no monitoring program	not reported	NE
AC	Baltic Sea seasonal Ice	No	no monitoring program	not reported	VU	BIS
AD.N5	Baltic Sea Photic Pelagic above halocline oxic	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AE.N5	Baltic Sea Aphotic Pelagic above halocline oxic	No	no monitoring program	not reported	LC
AE.O5	Baltic Sea Aphotic Pelagic below halocline oxic	No	no monitoring program	not reported	EN	BIS
3.1	Spits/bars	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.2.1	Sandy beaches	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.2.2	Gravel and shingle beaches	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.2.3	Boulder beaches	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.3.1.1	Sandy beach ridges with no or low vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.3.2.1	Beach ridges consisting of gravel, pebbles and/or boulders with no or low vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.3.3	Beach ridges consisting of algal or other plant material	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.5.3.1	Gently sloping crystalline bedrock shores with no vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.5.3.2	Gently sloping crystalline bedrock shores with low vegetation	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.7.1.1	Natural reed, rush and sedge stands	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.7.2.2	Lower meadows	No	no monitoring program	not reported
3.7.2.4	Dry meadows (incl. alvars)	No	no monitoring program	not reported
4.1.3.1	Eutrophic glo-lakes	No	no monitoring program	not reported
4.1.3.2	Mesotrophic glo-lakes	No	no monitoring program	not reported
4.2.1.1	Permanent eutrophic brackish pools (incl. rock pools etc.)	No	no monitoring program	not reported
4.2.1.2	Permanent mesotrophic brackish pools (incl. rock pools etc.)	No	no monitoring program	not reported
4.3.1	Temporary brackish pools (rock pools etc.)	No	no monitoring program	not reported
4.3.2	Temporary freshwater pools (rock pools etc.)	No	no monitoring program	not reported

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Biotope complexes in MPA Luoto Archipelago, Finland.

Code (HD Annex 1)	Biotope complex name	Does the biotope complex justify the site's designation as an MPA?	Performed monitoring	Authorities responsible monitoring	HELCOM Red List category	Link to Biotope Complex Information Sheet (BIS)
4030	European dry heaths	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
6270	Fennoscandian lowland species-rich dry to mesic grasslands	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
7140	Transition mires and quaking bogs	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
8220	Siliceous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
9030	Natural forests of primary succession stages of landupheaval coast	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
91D0	Bog woodland	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
9050	Fennoscandian herb-rich forests with Picea abies	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
9070	Fennoscandian wooded pastures	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
9080	Fennoscandian deciduous swamp woods	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
1110	Sandbanks which are slightly covered by sea water all the time	Yes	not reported	not reported	VU	BIS
1150	Coastal lagoons	Yes	not reported	not reported	EN	BIS
1170	Reefs	Yes	not reported	not reported	VU	BIS
1220	Perennial vegetation of stony banks	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
1230	Vegetated sea cliffs of the Atlantic and Baltic Coasts	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
1620	Boreal Baltic islets and small islands	Yes	not reported	not reported	NT	BIS
1630	Boreal Baltic coastal meadows	Yes	not reported	not reported	-	-
1640	Boreal Baltic sandy beaches with perennial vegetation	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
2120	Shifting dunes along the shoreline with Ammophila arenaria ("white dunes")	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
2130	Fixed coastal dunes with herbaceous vegetation ("grey dunes")	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
2180	Wooded dunes of the Atlantic, Continental and Boreal region	No	not reported	not reported	-	-
3160	Natural dystrophic lakes and ponds	No	not reported	not reported	-	-

Management and regulated activities of MPA Luoto Archipelago, Finland

Link	Id	Management plan name	Management plan status	Implementation date of first management plan	Implementation date of current management plan	Regulated activities	Intended revision date of current management plan	Body(ies) responsible for management	Implemented monitoring programs	Contact details	Coverage of management plan
	57	Skötsel- och användningsplan för Larsmo skärgård	Implemented	01.01.2008	01.01.2008	activities		Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment	not reported		Marine and terrestrial

Pressures in MPA

Pressure (list according to MSFD Annex III revision document, May 2015)	Inside or outside the MPA	Intensity (low, medium, high)	Past, current or potential future pressure
Disturbance or damage to seabed	inside	high	past,current,potential future
Disturbance or damage to seabed	outside	high	past,current,potential future
Input of water	inside	low	current,potential future
Input of sound	inside	high	past,current,potential future
Input of sound	outside	high	past,current,potential future
Change in water temperature	inside	low	current,potential future
Input of nutrients and organic matter	inside	low	past,current,potential future
Input of nutrients and organic matter	outside	medium	past,current,potential future
Input of contaminants (synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) - diffuse sources, point sources, acute events	inside	low	past,current,potential future
Input of contaminants (synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) - diffuse sources, point sources, acute events	outside	low	past,current,potential future
Input of CO2 [and other greenhouse gases]	inside	medium	past,current,potential future
Input of CO2 [and other greenhouse gases]	outside	medium	past,current,potential future
Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-size litter)	inside	low	past,current,potential future
Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-size litter)	outside	medium	past,current,potential future
Extraction or, mortality/injury to, species (targeted, non-targeted)	inside	high	past,current,potential future
Extraction or, mortality/injury to, species (targeted, non-targeted)	outside	high	past,current,potential future
Disturbance of species	inside	high	past,current,potential future
Disturbance of species	outside	high	past,current,potential future
Introduction or spread of non-indigenous species	inside	high	past,current,potential future
Introduction or spread of non-indigenous species	outside	high	past,current,potential future
Introduction of microbial pathogens	inside	low	past,current,potential future

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